This speculation is supported by our observation that after HEK293 cells were transfected with Pre-miR-221 or -222 and Anti-miR-221 or -222, SHEV ORF3-induced expression of p27kip1 mRNA and protein was blocked by Pre-miR-221 and -222, and was enhanced by Anti-miR-221 and -222, respectively (Fig.5 a, b, c).